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Permutation and Combination

Permutation and Combination


Hey guys, I am back with one more interesting mathematics topic. And I am pretty sure that you guys would find it interesting too because many of you must have faced problems regarding these arrangements. Although if you were not able to solve them at that moment of time I am sure after completing this article you would solve the problem in minutes or even seconds.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE ??
Many people get confused between these two terms permutation and combination. They both have almost similar use but have a vast difference in their meaning. You may think that both of them mean arranging entities, then what is the difference ?? For making it easy we will take an example, lets say I have four friends : Arya, Bhavesh, Chirayu and Dhruv. So if I arrange them like Arya, Bhavesh, Chirayu and Dhruv or Dhruv, Chirayu, Bhavesh and Arya, it will make no difference in combinations but if you check them according to permutation they will be different. As the difficulty of the name suggests permutation is more complex and combination much simpler. In permutation every single detail and order matters while in combination such small details and order do not matter much.


PERMUTATION
So now let us know how can we solve these questions. Continuing the same example I add 5 more names in it. So now the total number of friends I have is 9. They are:


  1. Arya 
  2. Bhavesh
  3. Chirayu
  4. Dhruv
  5. Eshaan
  6. Faraahat
  7. Gaurav
  8. Himal
  9. Ishaan
Here are the names of a few car which i will be giving them :- Audi,Honda City and Alto, let us see how many ways are there by which I could do this.( Don't forget the order ) For making it simpler we name all of them as A B C D E F G H I

            A    B   C   D    E   F   G   H    I        Total 9 options
   
So for the first car i.e. Audi I have 9 options I could give it to anyone from
A B C D E F G H I
Suppose I give it to A , then I am left with 8 options


          B   C   D    E   F   G   H    I        Total 8 options

  Now I could give Honda City to anyone of these 8.
Suppose I give it to B,
then I am left with 7 options 


                     C   D    E   F   G   H    I        Total 7 options

    Now I could give Alto to any of these 7.
   Suppose I give it to C


 
            Now time for the total calculation of the options. First we had 9 options then 8 options and at the last we were left with only 7 options. So the total options are 9*8*7 = 504.
This 504 means that we could give these three cars in 504 ways and also none of them repeating. Have you ever thought that these 3 cars would take upto 504 ways.

As we know that
                              9! ( ! - this means factorial) = 9*8*7*6*5*4*3*2*1

                               But we only want 9*8*7
                               So why to waste our time on 6*5*4*3*2*1 , let us remove it
                              6*5*4*3*2*1 = 6!
                         
                                  Finally what we get is
                                                                =  9! / 6!
                                                                =  9! / (9-3)!

   So consider the total number of entities to be "n" and the quantity we want to pick in order "r"
     From this long and a bit confusing derivation we got the formula


                                                              n! / (n-r)!

  So finally this is the universal formula for permutation where total entities are "n" and the ways to arrange "r" entities in order is

                                     P(n,r) = n! / (n-r)!
So I hope you got to know more about permutation and I promise in my next article you will also get to know more about Combinations. Thanks a lot for reading this article and spending your valuable time on this article.


You may also like these articles from High School Pedia:


To know more about Combinations check this out : Combinations

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Comments

  1. Emma Jasmine2 December 2020 at 16:55

    Permutation and Combination is basically the various ways in which object from a particular set may be selected, without replacement, to form subsets. When the order of selection is factor the selection of Subset is called permutation and when the order of selection is not a factor then it is called combination. You explained this topic in a very easy manner like my maths home tutor was used to explain when I was doing my high school studies. I hired him for my h2 math tuition from an online website.

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