Blood Groups Part-2

Hey guys! Sorry for the delay, but here I present you the second part of my article Blood Groups. In the last article we discussed about blood groups and also about the ABO system of blood groups. If you missed it then do check it out.
Blood Groups

So in this part we will discuss the RH factor and the ways for the transfusion of blood.So first let us see what is RH Factor.

RH Factor( Rhesus Factor)

Many people also have Rh Factor on the red blood cell's surface. This is also an antigen and those who have it are called Rh positive. Those who don't have it are called Rh negative. A person with Rh negative blood does not have Rh antibodies naturally in the blood plasma (as one can have A or B antibodies for instance).

But a person with Rh negative blood can develop Rh antibodies in the blood plasma if she or he receives blood from a person with Rh positive blood, whose Rh antigens can trigger the production of Rh antibodies. A person with Rh positive blood can receive blood from a person with Rh negative blood without any problem.

According to both blood systems there are a total of 8 blood groups. Do you know which blood group you belong to ??

Now let us see what happens when you donate or receive blood.

What happens when blood clumps or agglutinates ???

For a blood transfusion to be successful, both ABO and Rh blood groups must be compatible between the donor blood and recipient blood. If they are not, the red blood cells from the donated blood will clump or agglutinate. The agglutinated red cells can clog blood vessels and stop the circulation of the blood to the various parts of the body. The agglutinated red blood cells also crack and its contents leak out in the body. The blood cells contain hemoglobin which becomes toxic when outside the cell. This can have fatal consequences for the recipient.

The A antigen and the A antibodies can bind to each other in the same way as the B antigens can bind to B antibodies. This is what would happen if, for instance, a B blood person receives blood from an A blood person.

Blood transfusions - who can receive blood from whom ??

Of course you can give A blood to persons with blood group A, B blood to a person with blood group B and so on. But in some cases you can receive blood with another type of blood group, or donate blood to a person with another kind of blood group.

The transfusion will work if a person who is going to receive blood has a blood group that does not have any antibodies against the donor blood's antigens. But if a person who is going to receive blood has antibodies matching the donor blood's antigens, the red blood cells in the donated blood will clump.

People with blood group O Rh negative are called "universal donors" and people with blood group AB Rh positive are called "universal receivers."

Rh positive blood can never be given to someone with Rh negative blood, but the other way around works. For example, O Rh positive blood cannot be given to someone with the blood type AB Rh negative, but O Rh negative blood can be given to someone with AB Rh positive.

Enjoy your high school with - High School Pedia : www.highschoolpedia.com

Comments

Piezoelectric Crystal

Piezoelectric Crystal {literally_pressing electricity} Ever wondered what it might be like to live in dark or sleep in a hot summer day without an AC ? Absurd, isn't it ? But with the rate at which we are using our resources, it may not be long before it actually happens. Scientist across the globe are searching for new resources, stocks and technology to prevent the near, unpleasant future of current and the next gen. One of these, an unexploited tech is that of Piezoelectricity. Piezoelectricity is an ability of some special materials (like crystals of quartz, ceramics of lithium niobite, gallium arsenide, zinc oxide) to trigger an electric charge when supposed to mechanical stress. These materials are available in basic instruments that we use in our daily life like microphones, quartz watch, gramophones. All these materials are run by the piezoelectric current. But how does it work? When you apply force (mechanical force) on it, an electric potential, on eit

The Inverse & Reciprocal TRIGONOMETRIC Functions

So, this is my second post on trigonometry. In this post we're gonna cover the reciprocal and the inverse Trigonometric functions. If you haven't seen my first post you should definitely view it as it covers the basics of Trigonometry The Reciprocal Trigonometric Functions The reciprocal Trigonometric function of Sine is Cosecant, of Cosine is Secant & for Tangent it is Cotangent. Cosecant (Csc θ = 1/Sin θ) or (Hypotenuse/Opposite) Secant (Sec θ = 1/Cos θ) or (Hypotenuse/Adjacent) Cotangent (Cot θ = 1/Tan θ) or (Adjacent/Opposite) We can also represent Tan θ in another way. As Tan θ = opposite/adjacent & Sin θ = opposite/hypotenuse & Cos θ = adjacent/hypotenuse ∴ Tan θ = Sin θ/Cos θ (The hypotenuses cancel out) As Cot θ = 1/Tan θ So, we can also represent Cot θ as Cos θ/Sin θ.

High School Pedia

It is an initiative by some students to spread the light of knowledge to everyone and everywhere. It was started in the year 2015 and has grown rapidly in the past few months. By the means of this website, we try to provide information on every topic that we can reach up to. You can find different articles on this website. All these articles are written in simple language so that everyone can understand it and learn from it. We at High School Pedia believe in creative learning and this is the reason why we add our own edited graphical representations in every article. Once a very learned man said, “Knowledge increases by not keeping it to yourself but by sharing it with others”. And we follow the same motto “Share to Learn”. The team of High School Pedia tries its best to provide you with the best and original content. Unlike many other websites, High School Pedia is famous for its original and inspiring content.

Anode Ray Experiment

→Anode ray experiment was conducted by E Goldstein. →These rays are also known as canal rays. →This experiment helped in the discovery of the proton. Apparatus Used A discharge tube was taken in which there were 2 electrodes i.e. Anode(+ve) and the cathode (-ve). The tube was filled with an inert gas. A perforated or porous cathode was used. A layer of zinc sulphide was placed at the back of the cathode. There was a vacuum pump in the tube. High voltage (5000v-10000v) was allowed to flow through the system. It was observed that when the gas was at 1atm(atmospheric pressure ) no change was seen in the tube. When the pressure was decreased inside the tube, a glow could be seen at the back side of the cathode.

Levitation 2

LEVITATION II To be completely honest I was going to start this with a pun. I did think of one but it doesn’t float… I am sorry I just had to. Anyway, this is the second part to the article on super cool ways of making things levitate. Go check the first part out if you haven’t already. Actually, the first part may have become repulsive with all the magnets and stuff, but I promise this will be more attractive. Get it? No? I’ll stop now. I am just going to jump straight into it. 1. Electrostatic Levitation I know you are probably sick and tired of magnets but they are the best way you know… This method is somewhat similar. You remember that cool science experiment you did with two straws attracting or repulsing each other based on their charge? So basically using the same principle we can make a charged object levitate. But before you try it, let me tell you it won’t be easy. Even impossible according to our Mr. Earnshaw. He even made a law (the law is

Isotopes, Isobars and Isotones

Isotopes These are elements which have the same atomic number but different atomic mass . They have the same atomic number because the number of protons that are inside their nuclei remains the same. But, they have different atomic mass because the number of neutrons that are also inside their nuclei is different. As the number of protons inside nuclei remains same, therefore the overall charge of the elements also remains same as in isotopes: no of protons = no of electrons . Hence, as isotopes overall charge remains neutral, therefore their chemical properties will also remain identical. Therefore, Isotopes are chemically same but physically different.

Upcoming Marvel Movies

Hey, guys! Today we are going to talk about the 5 most awaited and upcoming marvel movies. Everyone is eagerly waiting right ?! 1) GUARDIANS OF THE GALAXY vol.2 (2017) Last month marvel shared the first teaser of Guardians of the Galaxy vol. 2 describing it as the official sneak-peak. All five main characters- star lord, gamora, rocket, Drax and 'baby' groot . It is set two months after the first movie where the ravagers find out that peter quill double crossed them about the infinity stone (orb). That's all. Everything else is yet to be discovered.

High School Pedia

Search This Blog